According to the principles of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR), we focused on the concept of sustainable agriculture and circular economy. The main objective of the project is the eco-sustainable reuse of winery and vineyard waste obtained from the cultivation and processing of "Nero di Troia" CV grapes provided by the company "Trulli il Castagno Snc" Martina Franca (TA), in order to create a growth substrate suitable for the production of mushrooms of food and medicinal interest. The objective is aimed at facilitating the transition of economic activities by promoting the productive reconversion of business activities, the reduction of disposal costs of such waste and pollutant gas emissions. The genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. includes economically important mushrooms, cultivated around the world, widely used in human nutrition and recognized as medicinal mushrooms. Within this genus, P.ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., Führer Pilzk. is undoubtedly one of the most widely cultivated and known fungal species in the world. Cultivation was carried out to assess its productive efficiency and qualitative properties on winery and vineyard wastes, in the perspective of a potential large-scale cultivation of wild mushroom species and consequent enhancement of some territories. The cultivation was carried out on five different substrates: wheat straw was identified as the control substrate, pomace, rasps, and pruning clippings each in a 1:1 ratio by dry weight with wheat straw and lastly a mix of the previous substrates in a 1:1:1:1 ratio by dry weight, exhibiting rather good production performance. During the fruiting period, the mycetes exhibited different development depending on the substrate on which they developed. The results of the analysis show that all substrates except the mix showed the same earliness in terms of days. In contrast in fruiting, the mix substrate exhibited a shorter elapsed time from the appearance of primordia to the harvesting of fruiting bodies. In terms of total quantity harvested (grams), the wheat straw substrate showed higher values in contrast to the rasp substrate with the lowest value. The biological efficiency (>50 %) was higher in the wheat straw and pomace substrates than the value (<40 %) obtained in the other substrates. From the analysis of minerals and heavy metals, the rasps showed the highest content [mg/kg(ss)] not exceeding the heavy metal content beyond the legal limits. There are currently other trials underway involving the use of pomace and wheat straw mixed with pomace as a substrate for the growth of Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél that may further demonstrate promising results from the perspective of environmental sustainability. Additional analyses on bioactive compounds and biological activities will be carried out, and further trials with other medicinal mushrooms will be conducted.
Cultivation trials of medicinal mushrooms on crop residues for sustainability of wineries
Balenzano, G
Membro del Collaboration Group
;Ferraro, VMembro del Collaboration Group
;Gargano, MLMembro del Collaboration Group
;Cirlincione, FMembro del Collaboration Group
2023-01-01
Abstract
According to the principles of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR), we focused on the concept of sustainable agriculture and circular economy. The main objective of the project is the eco-sustainable reuse of winery and vineyard waste obtained from the cultivation and processing of "Nero di Troia" CV grapes provided by the company "Trulli il Castagno Snc" Martina Franca (TA), in order to create a growth substrate suitable for the production of mushrooms of food and medicinal interest. The objective is aimed at facilitating the transition of economic activities by promoting the productive reconversion of business activities, the reduction of disposal costs of such waste and pollutant gas emissions. The genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. includes economically important mushrooms, cultivated around the world, widely used in human nutrition and recognized as medicinal mushrooms. Within this genus, P.ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., Führer Pilzk. is undoubtedly one of the most widely cultivated and known fungal species in the world. Cultivation was carried out to assess its productive efficiency and qualitative properties on winery and vineyard wastes, in the perspective of a potential large-scale cultivation of wild mushroom species and consequent enhancement of some territories. The cultivation was carried out on five different substrates: wheat straw was identified as the control substrate, pomace, rasps, and pruning clippings each in a 1:1 ratio by dry weight with wheat straw and lastly a mix of the previous substrates in a 1:1:1:1 ratio by dry weight, exhibiting rather good production performance. During the fruiting period, the mycetes exhibited different development depending on the substrate on which they developed. The results of the analysis show that all substrates except the mix showed the same earliness in terms of days. In contrast in fruiting, the mix substrate exhibited a shorter elapsed time from the appearance of primordia to the harvesting of fruiting bodies. In terms of total quantity harvested (grams), the wheat straw substrate showed higher values in contrast to the rasp substrate with the lowest value. The biological efficiency (>50 %) was higher in the wheat straw and pomace substrates than the value (<40 %) obtained in the other substrates. From the analysis of minerals and heavy metals, the rasps showed the highest content [mg/kg(ss)] not exceeding the heavy metal content beyond the legal limits. There are currently other trials underway involving the use of pomace and wheat straw mixed with pomace as a substrate for the growth of Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél that may further demonstrate promising results from the perspective of environmental sustainability. Additional analyses on bioactive compounds and biological activities will be carried out, and further trials with other medicinal mushrooms will be conducted.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
