The contribution presents the preliminary results of a survey, just begun, related to the study of the system of urban and rural fortifications defined in central Apulia, south of the Ofanto river and within the Salento area, in the Middle Ages, focused on Castel del Monte (‘UNESCO heritage site’ since 1996) and supported by a solid road system of Roman origin that dates back to both the Appian Way, built by Appius Claudius Blind, in the year he held the censorship (312 BC. C.), as well as to its Adriatic ramification ordered, in 108-109 AD, by the emperor M. Ulpius Trajan, the Via Traiana, which in turn was laid on the much older Via Minucia. These two important and complementary routes, established during the late Republican and redefined in the imperial period, spanned Puglia from the sub-Apennine area to Brindisi, touching the Taranto Gulf on one side and running along the eastern Apulian strip on the other. They were frequented well beyond ancient times, creating an intense connective and poleographic fabric, with respect to which Castel del Monte, during the Norman-Swabian period, focused on and increased the morphogenetic consistency of the landscape. The castle, commissioned by Frederick II of Swabia and situated on a hill to control the area extending from the Murge to the Adriatic, reflected the ambitions that inspired the Emperor in building a masterpiece of residential and military architecture in the 13th century, unique in its kind. Equally unique is the Appian Way, the queen of long roads, which, along with the northern variant of the Trajan’s Way, represents the prototype of the Euro-Mediterranean network of Roman roads. It signifies one of the earliest tools of globalization in history and distinguishes a particular phenomenon of engineering audacity, functional continuity, and cultural survival. These attributes have prompted its nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for 2024, recognizing it as a serial property of outstanding universal value.
Il contributo presenta gli esiti preliminari di un’indagine, appena avviata, legata allo studio del sistema di fortificazioni urbane e rurali definito nella Puglia centrale, a Sud del fiume Ofanto ed entro l'area salentina, in età medievale, focalizzato su Castel del Monte (‘patrimonio UNESCO’ dal 1996) e sostenuto da una solida viabilità di ascendenza romana che risale sia alla via Appia, fatta costruire da Appio Claudio Cieco, nell’anno in cui rivestì la censura (312 a.C.), sia alla sua diramazione adriatica voluta, nel 108-109 d.C., dall’imperatore M. Ulpio Traiano, la via Traiana, a sua volta sistemata sulla assai più antica via Minucia. Questi due importanti e complementari percorsi, impostati in età medio-tardorepubblicana e ridefiniti durante il periodo imperiale, abbracciavano la Puglia, dal comparto subappenninico fino a Brindisi, lambendo il golfo tarantino, da una parte, e costeggiando la fascia apula orientale, dall’altro: essi sono frequentati ben oltre l’evo antico, generando una intensa trama connettiva e poleografica rispetto alla quale Castel del Monte, in età normanno-sveva, focalizzò e incrementò la consistenza morfogenetica del paesaggio. Il Castello, voluto da Federico II di Svevia e collocato su una collina a controllo del comprensorio esteso dalle Murge all’Adriatico, rifletteva le ambizioni che ispirarono l’Imperatore nella costruzione di un capolavoro di architettura residenziale e militare del XIII secolo, unico nel suo genere. E unica pure è la via Appia, regina viarum longarum, che, con la variante seriore della via Traiana, rappresenta il prototipo dell’ordito euromediterraneo delle strade romane, sancisce uno dei primi strumenti di globalizzazione della storia e contraddistingue un peculiare fenomeno di audacia ingegneristica, continuità funzionale, sopravvivenza culturale: attributi che ne hanno sollecitato la candidatura a ‘patrimonio UNESCO’ per il 2024 quale ‘sito seriale di eccezionale valore universale’.
Paesaggi di Puglia e ‘patrimonio UNESCO’: da Castel del Monte alla viae Appia e Traiana. Passato, presente e… ritorno al futuro!
Fioriello C. S.
Conceptualization
;Diceglie A.
2023-01-01
Abstract
The contribution presents the preliminary results of a survey, just begun, related to the study of the system of urban and rural fortifications defined in central Apulia, south of the Ofanto river and within the Salento area, in the Middle Ages, focused on Castel del Monte (‘UNESCO heritage site’ since 1996) and supported by a solid road system of Roman origin that dates back to both the Appian Way, built by Appius Claudius Blind, in the year he held the censorship (312 BC. C.), as well as to its Adriatic ramification ordered, in 108-109 AD, by the emperor M. Ulpius Trajan, the Via Traiana, which in turn was laid on the much older Via Minucia. These two important and complementary routes, established during the late Republican and redefined in the imperial period, spanned Puglia from the sub-Apennine area to Brindisi, touching the Taranto Gulf on one side and running along the eastern Apulian strip on the other. They were frequented well beyond ancient times, creating an intense connective and poleographic fabric, with respect to which Castel del Monte, during the Norman-Swabian period, focused on and increased the morphogenetic consistency of the landscape. The castle, commissioned by Frederick II of Swabia and situated on a hill to control the area extending from the Murge to the Adriatic, reflected the ambitions that inspired the Emperor in building a masterpiece of residential and military architecture in the 13th century, unique in its kind. Equally unique is the Appian Way, the queen of long roads, which, along with the northern variant of the Trajan’s Way, represents the prototype of the Euro-Mediterranean network of Roman roads. It signifies one of the earliest tools of globalization in history and distinguishes a particular phenomenon of engineering audacity, functional continuity, and cultural survival. These attributes have prompted its nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for 2024, recognizing it as a serial property of outstanding universal value.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.