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he CMS Inner Tracker, made of silicon pixel modules, will be entirely replaced prior
to the start of the High Luminosity LHC period. One of the crucial components of the new Inner
Tracker system is the readout chip, being developed by the RD53 Collaboration, and in particular
its analogue front-end, which receives the signal from the sensor and digitizes it. Three different
analogue front-ends (Synchronous, Linear, and Differential) were designed and implemented in
the RD53A demonstrator chip. A dedicated evaluation program was carried out to select the most
suitable design to build a radiation tolerant pixel detector able to sustain high particle rates with high
efficiency and a small fraction of spurious pixel hits. The test results showed that all three analogue
front-ends presented strong points, but also limitations. The Differential front-end demonstrated
very low noise, but the threshold tuning became problematic after irradiation. Moreover, a saturation
in the preamplifier feedback loop affected the return of the signal to baseline and thus increased the
dead time. The Synchronous front-end showed very good timing performance, but also higher noise.
For the Linear front-end all of the parameters were within specification, although this design had the
largest time walk. This limitation was addressed and mitigated in an improved design. The analysis
of the advantages and disadvantages of the three front-ends in the context of the CMS Inner Tracker
operation requirements led to the selection of the improved design Linear front-end for integration
in the final CMS readout chip.
Comparative evaluation of analogue front-end designs for the CMS Inner Tracker at the High Luminosity LHC
he CMS Inner Tracker, made of silicon pixel modules, will be entirely replaced prior
to the start of the High Luminosity LHC period. One of the crucial components of the new Inner
Tracker system is the readout chip, being developed by the RD53 Collaboration, and in particular
its analogue front-end, which receives the signal from the sensor and digitizes it. Three different
analogue front-ends (Synchronous, Linear, and Differential) were designed and implemented in
the RD53A demonstrator chip. A dedicated evaluation program was carried out to select the most
suitable design to build a radiation tolerant pixel detector able to sustain high particle rates with high
efficiency and a small fraction of spurious pixel hits. The test results showed that all three analogue
front-ends presented strong points, but also limitations. The Differential front-end demonstrated
very low noise, but the threshold tuning became problematic after irradiation. Moreover, a saturation
in the preamplifier feedback loop affected the return of the signal to baseline and thus increased the
dead time. The Synchronous front-end showed very good timing performance, but also higher noise.
For the Linear front-end all of the parameters were within specification, although this design had the
largest time walk. This limitation was addressed and mitigated in an improved design. The analysis
of the advantages and disadvantages of the three front-ends in the context of the CMS Inner Tracker
operation requirements led to the selection of the improved design Linear front-end for integration
in the final CMS readout chip.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11586/467148
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simulazione ASN
Il report seguente simula gli indicatori relativi alla propria produzione scientifica in relazione alle soglie ASN 2023-2025 del proprio SC/SSD. Si ricorda che il superamento dei valori soglia (almeno 2 su 3) è requisito necessario ma non sufficiente al conseguimento dell'abilitazione. La simulazione si basa sui dati IRIS e sugli indicatori bibliometrici alla data indicata e non tiene conto di eventuali periodi di congedo obbligatorio, che in sede di domanda ASN danno diritto a incrementi percentuali dei valori. La simulazione può differire dall'esito di un’eventuale domanda ASN sia per errori di catalogazione e/o dati mancanti in IRIS, sia per la variabilità dei dati bibliometrici nel tempo. Si consideri che Anvur calcola i valori degli indicatori all'ultima data utile per la presentazione delle domande.
La presente simulazione è stata realizzata sulla base delle specifiche raccolte sul tavolo ER del Focus Group IRIS coordinato dall’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e delle regole riportate nel DM 589/2018 e allegata Tabella A. Cineca, l’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e il Focus Group IRIS non si assumono alcuna responsabilità in merito all’uso che il diretto interessato o terzi faranno della simulazione. Si specifica inoltre che la simulazione contiene calcoli effettuati con dati e algoritmi di pubblico dominio e deve quindi essere considerata come un mero ausilio al calcolo svolgibile manualmente o con strumenti equivalenti.