The representation of departure for a journey — as well as of the journey itself and the return — occurs frequently in ancient iconography. This theme often serves to convey meanings related both to the individual and to the collective sphere. Specific indicators generally reveal the setting of the journey, through the simple depiction of elements that characterize the spatial dimension (architectural or landscape features, objects, etc.), and often, in a more precise way, they identify the particular stage of the journey (departure, voyage, return). This is achieved through the spatial relationships between landscape elements, vehicles, and protagonists within the composition, as well as through the poses and directions of movement of the latter. In a fair number of scenes — both mythological and generic — the features of setting and narration suggest a journey taking place by sea or along waterways. A privileged indicator of the narrative, among others, is the presence of boats, inserted into the figurative field in different ways depending on the specific narrative moment being evoked (embarkation, navigation, disembarkation). The types and details of the vessels, the spatial relationships between water, land, and boats, as well as between the boats and the protagonists of the action, together with the grammar of posture, gesture, and verbal and nonverbal communication among the figures, form the overall narrative syntax and define its specific contents. Analyses of the mechanisms underlying this kind of representation have been applied to narrative sequences and scene details painted by Athenian vase-painters in both black-figure and red-figure techniques. In this paper, some examples from different classes of material from South Italy and Sicily are presented, in which boats — simple craft or true ships — appear either fully depicted or only partially represented, arranged in various ways in relation to the pictorial field, to specific elements of aquatic and terrestrial landscapes, and to the figures engaged in the action. For the examples discussed, the aforementioned indicators are examined, and a system of interpretation for the recognizable iconographic conventions is proposed. Through the consideration of variants, a decoding of both the “realistic” and symbolic meanings is offered, taking into account the micro- and macro-contexts to which the materials belong.
La rappresentazione della partenza per un viaggio, come anche del percorso e del ritorno, ricorre frequentemente nell’iconografia antica. Ad essa è sovente affidata la comunicazione di significati connessi tanto alla sfera individuale quanto a quella sociale. Precisi indicatori rivelano genericamente l’ambientazione del viaggio, mediante la semplice rappresentazione di elementi caratterizzanti la dimensione squisitamente spaziale (elementi architettonici, paesaggistici, oggetti, ecc.) e spesso, in maniera più puntuale, precisano il segmento narrativo del viaggio stesso (partenza, percorso, ritorno), attraverso la relazione spaziale tra elementi del paesaggio, mezzi e protagonisti dell’azione all’interno della composizione nonché attraverso le pose e la direzione del movimento di questi ultimi. In un discreto numero di scene, tanto mitologiche quanto generiche, gli elementi caratterizzanti l’ambientazione e la narrazione suggeriscono un viaggio che avviene via mare o comunque su corsi d’acqua. Indicatore privilegiato del racconto è, tra gli altri, la presenza di natanti, inseriti nel campo figurato secondo modalità diversificate a seconda del preciso momento narrativo al quale si vuole alludere (imbarco/navigazione/sbarco). Tipologie e dettagli delle imbarcazioni, relazioni spaziali tra acqua, terra e imbarcazioni, nonché tra queste ultime e i protagonisti dell’azione, compongono, insieme con la grammatica delle posture, dei gesti, dei segni di comunicazione (verbale e non) tra le figure, la sintassi narrativa nel suo insieme e ne declinano specifici contenuti. Analisi dei meccanismi sottesi a questo genere di raffigurazioni sono state applicate a insiemi narrativi e dettagli delle scene dipinte dai ceramografi ateniesi a figure nere e a figure rosse. In questo contributo, si presentano alcuni esempi appartenenti a differenti classi di materiali dell’Italia meridionale e della Sicilia, nei quali compaiono, intere o parzialmente raffigurate, barche semplici o vere e proprie navi, variamente disposte in relazione al campo figurato, a specifici elementi del paesaggio acquatico e terrestre, alle figure che compiono l’azione. Degli esempi proposti si esaminano i succitati indicatori, proponendo un sistema di lettura delle convenzioni iconografiche riconoscibili e, con l’ausilio delle varianti, una decodificazione dei significati, “realistici” e simbolici, che tenga conto anche dei micro- e macrocontesti cui i materiali afferiscono.
Salpare, navigare, approdare. Relazioni spaziali fra natanti, acque e coste nell’iconografia tra Grecia, Italia meridionale e Sicilia
GADALETA, GIUSEPPINA
2025-01-01
Abstract
The representation of departure for a journey — as well as of the journey itself and the return — occurs frequently in ancient iconography. This theme often serves to convey meanings related both to the individual and to the collective sphere. Specific indicators generally reveal the setting of the journey, through the simple depiction of elements that characterize the spatial dimension (architectural or landscape features, objects, etc.), and often, in a more precise way, they identify the particular stage of the journey (departure, voyage, return). This is achieved through the spatial relationships between landscape elements, vehicles, and protagonists within the composition, as well as through the poses and directions of movement of the latter. In a fair number of scenes — both mythological and generic — the features of setting and narration suggest a journey taking place by sea or along waterways. A privileged indicator of the narrative, among others, is the presence of boats, inserted into the figurative field in different ways depending on the specific narrative moment being evoked (embarkation, navigation, disembarkation). The types and details of the vessels, the spatial relationships between water, land, and boats, as well as between the boats and the protagonists of the action, together with the grammar of posture, gesture, and verbal and nonverbal communication among the figures, form the overall narrative syntax and define its specific contents. Analyses of the mechanisms underlying this kind of representation have been applied to narrative sequences and scene details painted by Athenian vase-painters in both black-figure and red-figure techniques. In this paper, some examples from different classes of material from South Italy and Sicily are presented, in which boats — simple craft or true ships — appear either fully depicted or only partially represented, arranged in various ways in relation to the pictorial field, to specific elements of aquatic and terrestrial landscapes, and to the figures engaged in the action. For the examples discussed, the aforementioned indicators are examined, and a system of interpretation for the recognizable iconographic conventions is proposed. Through the consideration of variants, a decoding of both the “realistic” and symbolic meanings is offered, taking into account the micro- and macro-contexts to which the materials belong.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


