Prospects of Hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium L.) as a New Horticultural Crop for Food and Non-Food Uses: A Review

Heracleum sphondylium L., commonly known as hogweed, common hogweed, or cow parsnip, is an herbaceous plant of the Apiaceae family native to Europe and Asia. This wild edible plant is common in grasslands, herb-rich meadows, hedges, wooded areas, roadsides, and railway embankments and in both waste and cultivated grounds. This review presents both the characteristics and ethnobotany, as well as the findings, technical advances, and potential of hogweed research with the goal of improving and disseminating knowledge regarding the value and potential of this wild edible plant. Current knowledge suggests that H. sphondylium L. shows good potential as a new cash crop, being an interesting food ingredient and also a source of compounds with biological activities. Therefore, hogweed may be proposed as a new horticultural crop, although several aspects of cultivation must be examined before full domestication.