The family policies in Italy and Europe

Talking about family policy issue essentially means analysing the political, economic and social changes that involved from the beginning of the new millennium Italy and other European countries, involving the entire state organization and, consequently, creating many changes to the living conditions of the families. There have been structural changes that have affected the organization of production and work, and changes in the social and demographic field which have affected instead those who move within the company, including the family. On family structure and the roles of the individual within it was also affected by the decrease in the birth rate, which mainly concerned the European countries of the Mediterranean basin, including Italy, Spain and Portugal and the "new" countries, including Poland, Slovenia, Lithuania. The evolution of the family institution in Italy was marked legislation that, beginning in the '70s, saw the enactment of laws about the protection of motherhood and childhood, the establishment of nurseries, positive action for equal opportunities, as well as the provision of rules on immigrant integration and extension of some charateristic protections of family law even for single parent families, in addition to the new law on family law. But despite the main purpose of the legislature, in line with the European social model, has been the affirmation of the family rights and the creation of protections designed to encourage their social inclusion, not infrequently, both in Italy and in Europe, family policies have proved to be largely episodic and fragmented, instead it is urgent to find a systematic and comprehensive policy approach. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, in fact, families in Europe were confronted with new challenges and opportunities, which have given rise to new social needs that need to have new and different answers. The structure of the family changes with the changing times under the pressure of economic, social and cultural rights and its own evolving makes it difficult to clearly define. The complexity of it and its multidimensionality means that around it are present a large number of reflections in the legal, sociological, political, economic and religious field. Therefore of particular interest is analyse some aspects of the evolution of family legal structure as an institution legal. The family law seems to be quite reluctant to classifications and the rigor of law analysis because it is a matter of a complex nature, therefore, requires new legal categories. A legal investigation would appear useful to detect the rules applicable to the inter-subjective relationships within the family, in a continuous and obvious processes of transformation and evolution.