Genetic characterization of the domestic Turkey of Mexican backyard

The mexican backyard turkey, is a native breed in danger of extinction, at present the habit of conserving the native genetic resources of each population has been lost, trying to cross animals with commercial lines for the production of turkey meat, damaging and losing the genetic stock of native turkeys in México. The objective of this work is to carry out the genetic characterization of the mexican transfer turkey using microsatellites and to study the possible genetic structure of this population. A panel of 38 microsatellites is analyzed in 51 samples of transfer turkey, taken from different areas of the city of Veracruz, México. The main parameters of genetic diversity have been evaluated: expected and observed heterozygosity, number of alleles, F statistics and Correspondence Factor Analysis using the GENETIX software. Genetic distances between individuals (DSA) with which a dendrogram has been constructed using the POPULATIONS program are calculated. The tree is displayed with the TREEVIEW program. The genetic structure is studied with the STRUCTURE program. All microsatellites used polymorphic results, with a minimum of 2 alleles found on the MNT 264 microsatellite and a maximum of 14 alleles on the MNT274 and RHT024 markers, with an average number of alleles of 6.79. The average values of HE and HO are 0.619 and 0.620 respectively. The following F statistics show the following values in the total sample: FIS 0.128 (P <0.05), FIT 0.152 (P <0.05) and FST 0.027, (P <0.05). The characterized backyard turkey population does not have genetic substructures.