The essay examines the transformation of commercial and fair circuits in contemporary Salento through the case of the San Vito Fair in Ortelle. Placed within the broader historical trajectory of southern Italian fairs, the event is analysed as it evolved from a medieval institution with economic, jurisdictional, and religious functions into a marketplace increasingly integrated into national and international networks. During the nineteenth century, regulatory unification, the development of railway and port infrastructure, and the intensification of Adriatic trade reshaped territorial hierarchies and traditional commercial routes. The San Vito Fair consequently specialised in livestock trading, connecting local circuits—particularly those related to pig farming—with trans-Adriatic flows of horses imported from the Balkans. During the twentieth century, protectionism, industrialisation, migration, and changing patterns of consumption weakened its original economic functions while reinforcing its communal and symbolic significance. The Ortelle case thus illuminates the interaction between local continuities and wider economic processes, as well as the contemporary redefinition of the fair at the intersection of collective memory, cultural heritage, and tourist consumption.
Il saggio ricostruisce le trasformazioni dei circuiti commerciali e fieristici nel Salento contemporaneo attraverso il caso della Fiera di San Vito a Ortelle. Collocata nella più ampia parabola delle fiere meridionali, la manifestazione è osservata nel passaggio da istituzione di origine medievale, dotata di funzioni economiche, giurisdizionali e sacrali, a spazio commerciale progressivamente integrato nel mercato nazionale e internazionale. Nel corso dell’Ottocento, l’unificazione normativa, lo sviluppo delle infrastrutture ferroviarie e portuali e l’intensificazione delle relazioni adriatiche modificarono le gerarchie territoriali e i tradizionali itinerari mercantili. La Fiera di San Vito si specializzò così nel commercio del bestiame, intercettando sia circuiti locali, legati soprattutto all’allevamento suino, sia traffici transadriatici di cavalli provenienti dai Balcani. Nel Novecento, il protezionismo, l’industrializzazione, l’emigrazione e la modernizzazione dei consumi ridussero le sue originarie funzioni economiche, rafforzandone la dimensione comunitaria e simbolica. Il caso di Ortelle consente quindi di cogliere l’interazione tra persistenze locali e processi sovralocali, nonché la ridefinizione contemporanea della fiera tra memoria, patrimonio culturale e consumo turistico.
Circuiti commerciali e fieristici nel Salento in età contemporanea. La Fiera di San Vito a Ortelle tra dimensione locale e dinamiche internazionali
Antonio Bonatesta
2026-01-01
Abstract
The essay examines the transformation of commercial and fair circuits in contemporary Salento through the case of the San Vito Fair in Ortelle. Placed within the broader historical trajectory of southern Italian fairs, the event is analysed as it evolved from a medieval institution with economic, jurisdictional, and religious functions into a marketplace increasingly integrated into national and international networks. During the nineteenth century, regulatory unification, the development of railway and port infrastructure, and the intensification of Adriatic trade reshaped territorial hierarchies and traditional commercial routes. The San Vito Fair consequently specialised in livestock trading, connecting local circuits—particularly those related to pig farming—with trans-Adriatic flows of horses imported from the Balkans. During the twentieth century, protectionism, industrialisation, migration, and changing patterns of consumption weakened its original economic functions while reinforcing its communal and symbolic significance. The Ortelle case thus illuminates the interaction between local continuities and wider economic processes, as well as the contemporary redefinition of the fair at the intersection of collective memory, cultural heritage, and tourist consumption.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


