La risposta europea alla crisi Covid-19 e le diverse interazioni con l'ordinamento italiano

In the last decade the economic governance of the European Union has been under scrutiny. Such process received new impulse this year in relation with the economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. The main outcomes are three: the increased flexibility of budgetary rules, the use of the EU budget as a tool to foster the European political agenda and a slight reform of assistance and stabilizations instruments. Moreover, the proposed Next Generation EU instrument could be a defining moment in the development of greater solidarity and transfer mechanisms in the European Union. This paper aims to highlight such changes and to show their impact on Italy. The diversity in the approaches proposed by the EU reaction implies different kind of interactions. The integration in the budgetary procedures determines formal interactions between levels of government as a way to determine budgetary and fiscal policies. The increased EU budget seems to be used, instead, as a tool to push forward the EU political agenda by incentives also to subnational authority in informal coordination forums. Lastly, while the role of the ECB as the main guardian of financial stability of the Euro area has been substantially confirmed, it seems that European institutions have chosen to reform mechanisms and conditions of support, mainly through softer conditions, broader destinations of financing and automatic mechanisms of funding.