De la Giacomo Matteotti la Aldo Capitini: opoziția radicală față de război în formarea culturii antimilitariste, pacifiste și nonviolente între cele două războaie mondiale în Italia. From Giacomo Matteotti to Aldo Capitini: the radical opposition to war that emerged between the two world wars in Italy, leading to the creation of an antimilitarist, pacifist, nonviolent culture.

On 10 June 1924, Giacomo Matteotti was kidnapped and killed by a fascist squad. His body will only be found on 16 August. From the very beginning of fascism, Matteotti's political story has been a thorn in its side. Expert, competent, and passionate, he is not afraid to clearly and explicitly express his opposition to the First World War, the Libyan War, and squad violence. With his clarity of thought and courage to speak his mind, Matteotti also represents a beacon in both the pacifist and nonviolent anti-fascist culture and the pro-European culture, as expressed in the Ventotene Manifesto. The report will explore Matteotti's role in forming individuals such as Silvano Balboni, an Italian deserter who was just called up to arms in 1943, and Aldo Capitini, the father of Italian nonviolent thought. This paper will examine Matteotti's legacy as a "conscientious objector" in the context of nonviolence, concluding with a discussion of conscientious objection to military service and military expenditure in post-war democratic Italy.