A pilot study on the effect of video games on ASD children's mental health and behaviour and oral health management in Syria – 2023

This pilot study investigates the impact of video games on the mental health and behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Syria. With the increasing prevalence of ASD and the growing popularity of video games, understanding the potential benefits and risks of gaming for children with ASD is crucial. The study explores whether video games can serve as a therapeutic tool or if they contribute to behavioral deterioration and addiction. A sample of 50 children aged 6 to 12 years, diagnosed with ASD according to ICD-11 criteria, participated in the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires completed by parents, assessing gaming habits, behavioural changes, and the level of video game addiction using the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale - Modified Short Form (IGDS9-SF). The study also evaluated the effects of replacing violent or repetitive games with more creative and interactive options, such as Minecraft and Super Mario Bros. Results indicated that 90% of the children preferred playing video games over other activities, with boys showing a higher preference for violence and fighting games. Approximately 54% of the children exhibited signs of video game addiction, while 14% were classified as fully addicted. During gameplay, 74% of the children displayed negative behaviors, such as increased aggression and reduced communication. However, after switching to more constructive games, significant improvements in communication, social interaction, and behavior control were observed. The study concludes that while video games offer potential benefits for children with ASD, including improved social skills, reduced anxiety, and enhanced problem-solving abilities, they also pose significant risks, particularly in terms of addiction and negative behavioral outcomes. The type of game played is a critical factor in determining the impact of gaming on children with ASD. A careful selection of games that promote creativity, cooperation, and cognitive development can help harness the positive aspects of gaming while mitigating its potential harms. This study highlights the need for further research into video game-based interventions tailored specifically for children with ASD, aiming to balance therapeutic benefits with the risks of excessive gaming.