THE KEY ROLE OF THE PALATAL EXPANDER IN ORTHODONTICS

Aim: This narrative review explores the anatomy of the palate and teeth, focusing on the role of Rapid Palate Expanders (RPE) in correcting maxillary transverse discrepancies. It emphasizes the importance of understanding anatomical features, treatment protocols, and the benefits and challenges associated with RPE applications, including advancements like miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE). Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases up to June 2022. Search terms included “Rapid Palate Expander,” “RPE,” “applications,” and “therapeutic values.” Two authors independently screened articles, removing duplicates and resolving disagreements through discussion. Backward citation tracking was performed to identify relevant studies. Conclusions: RPEs play a critical role in orthodontics, particularly for addressing transverse discrepancies in the maxilla. These devices are effective for treating conditions like cross-bites, which result from factors such as genetic predisposition, thumb-sucking, or delayed tooth loss. RPE treatment realigns the maxillary and mandibular arches, enhancing function and oral health. Timing is crucial; rapid and slow expansion protocols cater to patients at different stages of skeletal development, with MARPE offering effective solutions for older individuals. However, adverse effects such as discomfort, phonation issues, and recurrence necessitate meticulous diagnosis and individualized treatment planning. Advances in RPE design and techniques have improved patient comfort and outcomes, reinforcing their importance in achieving stable, long-term results in managing maxillary deficienciencies.