Product transformation

Over the years, consumers have witnessed the phenomenon of product transformation, which is closely connected with the process of product classification. Product definitions are influenced by technological advances and customers’ expectations regarding a product’s features. In this chapter, the authors highlight the importance taking into account the environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of products, as they have a significant impact on various research areas. This chapter aims to define different product groups, including conventional, ecological, bio, organic, and sustainable products. All these defined products are shaped by the conditions of the manufacturing process, which are regulated by product standards. These standards cover various aspects of the production process, such as the use of recyclable materials (with an emphasis on the responsible use of plastics), water and energy efficiency, reducing harmful gas emissions, and the ability to clean certain devices. In fact, similar phrases such as “ecological”, “bio”, and “organic” constitute the main problems discussed in the context of sustainable products. As a consequence, it is imperative that making the right purchasing choices is facilitated by ensuring responsible labelling of various product groups. For a better understanding of the differences between the above-mentioned products, it should be possible to make comparisons based on literature reviews. The aim of this chapter is to explain differences between certain kinds of products based on the product transformation process – especially in the case of sustainable items. Additionally, the authors discuss the opportunities and obstacles facing different groups of products. Finally, the issues described in this chapter should be an indicator of how conscious consumers make purchasing decisions.