Renal cell carcinoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

Renal cancer is the 14th most common malignancy worldwide, with >430 000 new cases diagnosed in 2020. The incidence varies geographically, with higher incidence in Europe and North America. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for ∼90% of all renal cancers. While incidence rates of renal cancer have been steadily increasing, including a slow rise over the past decade, mortality rates have slowly declined. This can be explained in part by increased rates of incidental diagnoses on abdominal imaging. Improvements in treatments are also contributing to the declining mortality rates. [...]