The contribution aims to illustrate the material features of the Late Medieval construction sites in Southern Italy, through more representative cases, so as to highlight the cognitive potential, even in a context of considerable delay in studies and in the presence of various interpretative problems. The markers observed are: foundations; systems of protection and structural reinforcement; possible seismic equipment; materials used in buildings, their working and finishing; the set-up of provisional works; the manufacture of lime and the preparation of mortar: lapidary signs. The study allows us to recognize, hypothetically, practices of ancient tradition, which often have their roots in the constructive knowledge of the Roman age, kept alive in the long term, and contextual emergence of new trends, in the choice of materials and masonry techniques, in the production of mortars, in the type of scaffolding, in the organization of construction sites; the new practices may be the result of complex dynamics, probably triggered by the coexistence and confrontation in Southern Italy of different architectural and technical-constructive cultures, often the expression of experiences gained in a wide geographical area ranging from the Byzantine East to Islamic Sicily, to Northern Europe.
Il contributo si propone di illustrare lo stato degli studi sui caratteri materiali dei cantieri bassomedievali nel Sud Italia, attraverso casi i più rappresentativi, così da metterne in luce, pur in un quadro di sensibile ritardo negli studi e a fronte di diversi problemi interpretativi, il potenziale conoscitivo. Gli indicatori osservati sono: le fondazioni, i sistemi di protezione e rinforzo strutturale, i presidi antisismici, i materiali impiegati in edilizia e la loro lavorazione e finitura, l’apprestamento di opere provvisionali, la fabbricazione della calce e la preparazione della malta, i segni lapidari. Lo studio consente di riconoscere prassi di antica tradizione, che spesso affondano le loro radici nei saperi costruttivi di età romana, mantenuti in vita sul lungo periodo, e l’emergere contestuale di nuove tendenze, nella scelta di determinati materiali e apparecchiature murarie, nella produzione dei leganti, nel tipo di ponteggi, nelle modalità organizzative dei cantieri, frutto di dinamiche complesse, innescate probabilmente dalla convivenza e dal confronto nel Sud Italia bassomedievale fra diverse culture architettoniche e tecnico-costruttive, spesso espressione di esperienze maturate in un areale geografico ampio che spazia dall’Oriente bizantino alla Sicilia islamica, al Nord Europa.
Archeologia del cantiere bassomedievale in Italia meridionale: status quaestionis, problemi, prospettive
Giuliani R.
;
2023-01-01
Abstract
The contribution aims to illustrate the material features of the Late Medieval construction sites in Southern Italy, through more representative cases, so as to highlight the cognitive potential, even in a context of considerable delay in studies and in the presence of various interpretative problems. The markers observed are: foundations; systems of protection and structural reinforcement; possible seismic equipment; materials used in buildings, their working and finishing; the set-up of provisional works; the manufacture of lime and the preparation of mortar: lapidary signs. The study allows us to recognize, hypothetically, practices of ancient tradition, which often have their roots in the constructive knowledge of the Roman age, kept alive in the long term, and contextual emergence of new trends, in the choice of materials and masonry techniques, in the production of mortars, in the type of scaffolding, in the organization of construction sites; the new practices may be the result of complex dynamics, probably triggered by the coexistence and confrontation in Southern Italy of different architectural and technical-constructive cultures, often the expression of experiences gained in a wide geographical area ranging from the Byzantine East to Islamic Sicily, to Northern Europe.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
