Bud Structure and Evolution

In temperate climates, the buds of deciduous fruit trees are dormant during the autumn and winter when the coldest temperatures occur. It is commonly assumed that this rest period consists of an endo-dormancy phase, followed by an eco-dormancy phase, and finishes with para-dormancy during the growing season. Ficus carica (common fig) is a deciduous species in most of the world but is evergreen in tropical areas. The common fig produces both vegetative and flower buds at the axil of the leaves in summer-fall, and some of them evolve into fruits during the current season (main crop), and others could overwinter (breba crop in the successive season or dormant and latent mixed/vegetative buds).