The report between democracy and education characterized the pedagogical reflection of the twentieth century by placing political science in close relationship with pedagogical science. Dewey, in fact, had analyzed how important the relationship between the two terms was not only in the meanings but in the practical-applicative development; an ethical-social perspective, therefore, that has affected the different places of education and, in particular, has placed the responsible citizen at the center of the reflection, directing him towards a path of construction of citizenship that still continues to animate the scientific debate (1992). If democracy represents not only a form of government but an associated system of life, the preferably of which derives from the fact that the growth of human beings is truly and at the highest degree only when they participate in the direction of the community to which they belong, it is inevitable to imagine how the quality of the community is expressed in the ability to ensure equitable opportunities for life for all. The contribution of education flourishes in the connection between the democratic ethos and the scientific habit (Elijah, 2014), that is, in that path that leads the person to give shape to reflective thought in continuous relationship with the critical reason proper to humanistic culture. At this time, precisely in humanism, in which the dignity of the human person plays a primary role in social life and even more than in the past it asks to be recognized and respected in all forms of expression, sensitivity to violations of fundamental human rights is growing and spreading, together with the need to safeguard or promote goods such as peace , development, the integrity of nature, solidarity, the identity of a social group, an ethnic group, a people (Santerini, 2019). Hence the need to rethink the very concept of dignity in a pedagogical key (Chionna, 2014), recovering reflections on democracy and education, in a daily life that too often puts aside reflection on the person and his political action, for the benefit of summary and superficial readings that result in the narration of the crisis of values denounced on several occasions precisely by the sciences of education.
Il rapporto tra democrazia e educazione ha caratterizzato la riflessione pedagogica del Novecento ponendo in stretta relazione la scienza politica con quella pedagogica. Dewey, infatti, aveva analizzato quanto fosse importante la relazione tra i due termini non soltanto nei significati quanto nello sviluppo pratico-applicativo; una prospettiva etico-sociale, dunque, che ha interessato i diversi luoghi dell’educazione e, in particolar modo, ha posto al centro della riflessione il cittadino responsabile, indirizzandolo verso un percorso di costruzione della cittadinanza che ancora oggi continua a animare il dibattito scientifico (1992). Se la democrazia rappresenta non soltanto una forma di governo ma un sistema di vita associato, la cui preferibilità deriva dal fatto che la crescita degli esseri umani si compie veramente e al più alto grado solo quando essi partecipano alla direzione della comunità a cui appartengono, è inevitabile immaginare come la qualità della stessa si esprima nella capacità di assicurare a tutti eque opportunità di vita. Il contributo dell’educazione fiorisce nel nesso tra l’ethos democratico e l’abito scientifico (Elia, 2014), ovvero in quel percorso che porta la persona a dare forma al pensiero riflessivo in rapporto continuo con la ragione critica propria della cultura umanistica. In questo tempo, proprio dell’umanesimo, nel quale la dignità della persona umana riveste un ruolo primario nella vita sociale e ancor più che in passato chiede d’essere riconosciuta e rispettata in tutte le forme di espressione, cresce e si diffonde la sensibilità per le violazioni dei diritti umani fondamentali, insieme all’esigenza di salvaguardare o promuovere beni come la pace, lo sviluppo, l’integrità della natura, la solidarietà, l’identità di un gruppo sociale, di un’etnia, di un popolo (Santerini, 2019). Di qui la necessità di ripensare il concetto stesso di dignità in chiave pedagogica (Chionna, 2014), recuperando le riflessioni su democrazia e educazione, in una quotidianità che troppo spesso mette da parte la riflessione sulla persona e sul suo agire politico, a beneficio di letture sommarie e superficiali che sfociano nella narrazione della crisi di valori denunciata a più riprese proprio dalle scienze dell’educazione.
Democrazia, educazione e dignità: la centralità della persona nel rinnovato rapporto tra pedagogia e politica
Vito Balzano
2021-01-01
Abstract
The report between democracy and education characterized the pedagogical reflection of the twentieth century by placing political science in close relationship with pedagogical science. Dewey, in fact, had analyzed how important the relationship between the two terms was not only in the meanings but in the practical-applicative development; an ethical-social perspective, therefore, that has affected the different places of education and, in particular, has placed the responsible citizen at the center of the reflection, directing him towards a path of construction of citizenship that still continues to animate the scientific debate (1992). If democracy represents not only a form of government but an associated system of life, the preferably of which derives from the fact that the growth of human beings is truly and at the highest degree only when they participate in the direction of the community to which they belong, it is inevitable to imagine how the quality of the community is expressed in the ability to ensure equitable opportunities for life for all. The contribution of education flourishes in the connection between the democratic ethos and the scientific habit (Elijah, 2014), that is, in that path that leads the person to give shape to reflective thought in continuous relationship with the critical reason proper to humanistic culture. At this time, precisely in humanism, in which the dignity of the human person plays a primary role in social life and even more than in the past it asks to be recognized and respected in all forms of expression, sensitivity to violations of fundamental human rights is growing and spreading, together with the need to safeguard or promote goods such as peace , development, the integrity of nature, solidarity, the identity of a social group, an ethnic group, a people (Santerini, 2019). Hence the need to rethink the very concept of dignity in a pedagogical key (Chionna, 2014), recovering reflections on democracy and education, in a daily life that too often puts aside reflection on the person and his political action, for the benefit of summary and superficial readings that result in the narration of the crisis of values denounced on several occasions precisely by the sciences of education.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.