Dalbavancin Efficacy and Impact on Hospital Length-of-Stay and Treatment Costs in Different Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections

Background and Objectives The study aimed to evaluate the impact of dalbavancin therapy on both hospital length-of-stay (LOS) and treatment-related costs, as well as to describe the clinical outcome, in a retrospective cohort of patients with diverse Gram-positive bacterial infections, hospitalized in different specialty Units. Methods From July 2017 to July 2019, clinical and sociodemographic data were collected for all hospitalized patients switched to dalbavancin for the treatment of Gram-positive infections. LOS and treatment-related costs were assessed and compared to a hypothetical scenario where the initial standard antimicrobial therapy would have been administered in hospital for the same duration as dalbavancin. Results A total of 50 patients were enrolled. The observed infections were: acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs, 12 patients), complicated ABSSSIs (eight patients), osteoarticular infections (18 patients), vascular graft or cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) infections (12 patients). After a median of 14 [interquartile range (IQR) 7-28] days, the in-hospital antimicrobial therapy was switched to dalbavancin 1500 mg. When appropriate, considering the site and the clinical course of the infection, 1500 mg doses were repeated every 14 days until recovery. Overall, 49/50 (98%) patients reported clinical success at the end of therapy. No relapses were observed in 37 patients for whom a median follow-up of 150 (IQR 30-180) days was available. By switching to dalbavancin, a median of euro8,259 (IQR 5644-17,270) and 14 hospital days (IQR 22-47) per patient were saved. Conclusions In this experience, the use of dalbavancin contributed to shorten LOS and treatment-related costs, especially in difficult Gram-positive infections requiring prolonged therapy.