ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel

Lorusso, R.; Combes, A.; Coco, V. L.; De Piero, M. E.; Belohlavek, J.; Delnoij, T.; van der Horst, I.; Miranda, D. R.; van der Linden, M.; van der Heijden, J. J.; Scholten, E.; van Belle-van Haren, N.; Lagrand, W.; de Jong, S.; Candura, D.; Maas, J.; van den Berg, M. J. G.; Malfertheiner, M.; Dreier, E.; Mueller, T.; Boeken, U.; Akhyari, P.; Lichtenberg, A.; Saeed, D.; Thiele, H.; Baumgaertel, M.; Schmitto, J. D.; Mariani, S.; Thielmann, M.; Brenner, T.; Benk, C.; Czerny, M.; Kalbhenn, J.; Maier, S.; Schibilsky, D.; Staudacher, D. L.; Henn, P.; Iuliu, T.; Muellenbach, R.; Reyher, C.; Rolfes, C.; Zacharowski, K.; Lotz, G.; Sonntagbauer, M.; Kersten, A.; Karagiannidis, C.; Schafer, S.; Fichte, J.; Hopf, H. -B.; Samalavicius, R.; Lorini, L.; Ghitti, D.; Grazioli, L.; Loforte, A.; Baiocchi, M.; Checco, E. D.; Pacini, D.; Meani, P.; Cappai, A.; Russo, C. F.; Bottiroli, M.; Mondino, M.; Ranucci, M.; Fina, D.; Ballotta, A.; Scandroglio, A. M.; Zangrillo, A.; Pieri, M.; Nardelli, P.; Fominskiy, E.; Landoni, G.; Fanelli, V.; Brazzi, L.; Montrucchio, G.; Sales, G.; Simonetti, U.; Urbino, R.; Livigni, S.; Degani, A.; Raffa, G.; Pilato, M.; Martucci, G.; Arcadipane, A.; Chiarini, G.; Latronico, N.; Cattaneo, S.; Puglia, C.; Reina, G.; Sponga, S.; Livi, U.; Foti, G.; Giani, M.; Rona, R.; Avalli, L.; Bombino, M.; Costa, M. C.; Carozza, R.; Donati, A.; Piciche, M.; Favaro, A.; Salvador, L.; Danzi, V.; Zanin, A.; Condello, I.; Fiore, F.; Moscarelli, M.; Nasso, G.; Speziale, G.; Sandrelli, L.; Montalto, A.; Musumeci, F.; Circelli, A.; Gamberini, E.; Russo, E.; Benni, M.; Agnoletti, V.; Rociola, R.; Milano, A. D.; Grasso, S.; Civita, A.; Murgolo, F.; Pilato, E.; Comentale, G.; Montisci, A.; Alessandri, F.; Tosi, A.; Pugliese, F.; Carelli, S.; Grieco, D. L.; Antonelli, M.; Ramoni, E.; Di Nardo, M.; Maisano, F.; Bettex, D.; Weber, A.; Grunenfelder, J.; Consiglio, J.; Hansjoerg, J.; Haenggi, M.; Agus, G.; Doeble, T.; Zenklusen, U.; Bechtold, X.; Stockman, B.; De Backer, D.; Giglioli, S.; Meyns, B.; Vercaemst, L.; Herman, G.; Meersseman, P.; Vandenbriele, C.; Dauwe, D.; Vlasselaers, D.; Raes, M.; Debeuckelaere, G.; Rodrigus, I.; Biston, P.; Piagnerelli, M.; Peperstraete, H.; Germay, O.; Vandewiele, K.; Vandeweghe, D.; Witters, I.; Havrin, S.; Bourgeois, M.; Taccone, F. S.; Nobile, L.; Lheureux, O.; Brasseur, A.; Creteur, J.; Defraigne, J. -O.; Misset, B.; Courcelle, R.; Timmermans, P. J.; Lehaen, J.; Frederik, B.; Riera, J.; Castro, M. A.; Gallart, E.; Martinez-Martinez, M.; Argudo, E.; Garcia-de-Acilu, M.; de Pablo Sanchez, R.; Ortiz, A. B.; Cabanes, M. -P. F.; Higa, K. O.; Cassina, A. M.; Berbel, D. O.; Sanchez-Salado, J. C.; Arnau, B. -L.; de Gopegui, P. R.; Ricart, P.; Sandoval, E.; Veganzones, J.; Millan, P.; de la Sota, P.; Santa Teresa, P.; Alcantara, S.; Alvarez, J. D.; Gonzalez, A. V.; Lopez, M.; Gordillo, A.; Naranjo-Izurieta, J.; Costa, R. G.; Albacete Moreno, C. L.; de Ayala, J. A.; Blanco-Schweizer, P.; Andres, N. H.; Boado, V.; Martinez, J. M. N.; Casal, V. G.; Garcia, E. F.; Martin-Villen, L.; Climent, J. C.; Pinto, L. F.; Leprince, P.; Lebreton, G.; Juvin, C.; Schmidt, M.; Pineton, M.; Folliguet, T.; Saiydoun, G.; Gaudard, P.; Colson, P.; Obadia, J. -F.; Pozzi, M.; Fellahi, J. L.; Yonis, H.; Richard, J. C.; Parasido, A.; Verhoye, J. -P.; Flecher, E.; Ajrhourh, L.; Nesseler, N.; Mansour, A.; Guinot, P. -G.; Zarka, J.; Besserve, P.; Makhoul, M.; Bolotin, G.; Kassif, Y.; Soufleris, D.; Schellongowski, P.; Bonaros, N.; Krapf, C.; Ebert, K.; Mair, P.; Kothleutner, F.; Kowalewsky, M.; Christensen, S.; Pedersen, F. M.; Balik, M.; Blaha, J.; Lips, M.; Otahal, M.; Camporota, L.; Daly, K.; Agnew, N.; Barker, J.; Head, L.; Garcia, M.; Ledot, S.; Aquino, V.; Lewis, R.; Worthy, J.; Noor, H.; Scott, I.; O'Brien, S.; Conrick-Martin, I.; Carton, E.; Gillon, S.; Scott, I.; Flemming, L.; Broman, L. M.; Grins, E.; Ketskalo, M.; Tsarenko, S.; Popugaev, K.; Minin, S.; Kornilov, I.; Skopets, A.; Kornelyuk, R.; Turchaninov, A.; Gorjup, V.; Shelukhin, D.; Dsouki, Y. E.; Sargin, M.; Kaygin, M. A.; Liana, S.; Puss, S.; Soerensen, G.; Magnus, R.; Kanetoft, M.; Watson, P.; Redfors, B.; Krenner, N.; Velia Antonini, M.; Barrett, N. A.; Belliato, M.; Davidson, M.; Di Nardo, M.; Finney, S.; Fowles, J. -A.; Halbe, M.; Hennig, F.; Jones, T.; Mueller, T.; Pinto, L.; Smith, J.; Riera, J.; Roeleveld, P.; Swol, J.; Vercaemst, L.

doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06272-3

Since March 15th, 2020, 177 centres from Europe and Israel have joined the study, routinely reporting on the ECMO support they provide to COVID-19 patients. The mean annual number of cases treated with ECMO in the participating centres before the pandemic (2019) was 55. The number of COVID-19 patients has increased rapidly each week reaching 1531 treated patients as of September 14th. The greatest number of cases has been reported from France (n = 385), UK (n = 193), Germany (n = 176), Spain (n = 166), and Italy (n = 136) .The mean age of treated patients was 52.6 years (range 16–80), 79% were male. The ECMO configuration used was VV in 91% of cases, VA in 5% and other in 4%. The mean PaO2 before ECMO implantation was 65 mmHg. The mean duration of ECMO support thus far has been 18 days and the mean ICU length of stay of these patients was 33 days. As of the 14th September, overall 841 patients have been weaned from ECMO support, 601 died during ECMO support, 71 died after withdrawal of ECMO, 79 are still receiving ECMO support and for 10 patients status n.a. . Our preliminary data suggest that patients placed on ECMO with severe refractory respiratory or cardiac failure secondary to COVID-19 have a reasonable (55%) chance of survival. Further extensive data analysis is expected to provide invaluable information on the demographics, severity of illness, indications and different ECMO management strategies in these patients.