Gender, BMI and fasting hyperglycaemia influence Monocyte to-HDL ratio (MHR) index in metabolic subjects

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is characterized by a low-grade inflammatory state causing an alteration of non-invasive indexes derived from blood count, namely monocyte-to-HDL ratio (MHR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). We analyse a population of 771 subjects (394 controls and 377 MS patients) to evaluate the best predictive index of MS. The diagnosis of MS was made according to the 2006 criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). We performed ROC curve analyses to evaluate the best predictor index of MS. MHR cut-off value was used to classify the population in two different groups and to create the outcome variable of the Recursive Partitioning and Amalgamation (RECPAM) analysis. This method is a tree-structured approach that defines "risk profiles" for each group of dichotomous variables. We showed that MHR index is significantly linked to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). ROC curve defined an MHR cut-off value of 6.4, which was able to identify two patient groups with significant differences in waist circumference, blood pressure, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate and fasting plasma glucose. RECPAM analysis demonstrated that gender, BMI categorization and hyperglycaemia were the most important risk determinants of increased MHR index that can be considered bona fide a useful and easily obtainable tool to suggest the presence of peculiar metabolic features that predict MS.