Epigenetics relies on three major molecular mechanisms: DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and RNA interference. Promoter hypermethylation usually drives gene silencing, whereas hypomethylation is associated with transcriptional activation. Chromatin remodeling is triggered by multiple post-translational modifications of histones that regulate the accessibility of genes to the transcription machinery. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, modulate gene expression by altering the stability of target mRNAs. All these mechanisms can be modulated by nutrition. This contribution deals with the effect of either specific dietary profiles or specific molecules of nutritional interest on the above-mentioned epigenetic mechanisms and the potential consequences on human health and disease.
Diet and Epigenetics: Dietary Effects on DNA Methylation, Histone Remodeling and mRNA Stability
Fratantonio, Deborah
;
2020-01-01
Abstract
Epigenetics relies on three major molecular mechanisms: DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and RNA interference. Promoter hypermethylation usually drives gene silencing, whereas hypomethylation is associated with transcriptional activation. Chromatin remodeling is triggered by multiple post-translational modifications of histones that regulate the accessibility of genes to the transcription machinery. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, modulate gene expression by altering the stability of target mRNAs. All these mechanisms can be modulated by nutrition. This contribution deals with the effect of either specific dietary profiles or specific molecules of nutritional interest on the above-mentioned epigenetic mechanisms and the potential consequences on human health and disease.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
