Sindrome della vacca a terra: Sistema di monitoraggio clinico diagnostico in Piemonte

Downer cow syndrome is a bovine multifactorial disease characterized by the inability to rise to a standing position and to keep a quadrupedal walking with a consequent prolonged or permanent recumbency. Given the complexity of the syndrome and the multiplicity of causes, including the BSE, a systematic analysis of the condition is essential in order to reach a definitive diagnosis and to properly manage animals in the herd. The aim of the present study was to investigate downer cow syndrome in a small area of Piedmont, including Torino and Cuneo, through a precise diagnostic procedure in life and post-mortem. From March 2009 to February 2010, 103 downer cows were reported by 8 veterinarians applying a standard clinical protocol, followed by appropriate laboratory tests. Reported cases refer mainly Friesian cows with metabolic disorders in the peripartum period. A complete necropsy, organ-tissue-CNS sampling for histopathological examination and further investigations were performed on dead or euthanized cattle. Forty-six cows were cured, 20 were slaughtered and 37 died. Thirteen cows, 4 dead naturally and 9 euthanized were further investigated by necropsy, histological examination and bacteriology. All cases showed inflammatory lesions in the main organs and tissues. In 3 cases histopathological lesions (suppurative inflammations) were found in the CNS. The implementation of this surveillance network and the establishment of active partnerships between public authorities and private veterinarians is the goal of a correct management of the problem in the farm in order to provide specialist support to the farmer to safeguard animals' health and welfare as well as public health.