In Spain, between the late XVI century and the first decades of the XVII century, the need for renewal in bucolic poetry leads to detect in the founding experience of Sannazaro’s Eclogae piscatorie a model still rich in suggestions. Góngora’s repeated experiments and Lope de Vega’s epigonic solutions constitute the apical moments of a process of acclimatization in which the imitation of Italian models melts into the contamination with Hispanic sources, following modalities that in Góngora bring about a fertile creative contribution: a course that, after having renewed the tradition of the romancero, culminates in the writing of Soledades.