The aim of this trial was to provide novel technologies for the production of rumen by-pass essential oils to be released in the abomasum. For this purpose, 99.98% of pure limonene (Lim) was microencapsulated. Optimal feed was determined by exploring 4 oil-in-water emulsions with Lim oil and alginate. The most stable emulsion was combined with Eudragit EPO 30% (wt/wt) or Edraguard® 30% (wt/wt) to produce 3 experimental formulations (F). Process parameters were set with a single (F1: EPO, 657 µL Lim/g) and concentric (F2: EPO, 558 µL Lim/g; F3: Edraguard®, 327 µL Lim/g) nozzles for microcapsules. The encapsulation yields ranged from 50% to 75% among the 3 different F. Rumen fluid was sampled at the slaughterhouse from animals from the same farm. In vitro digestion (IVD) trial for each F was performed into quadruplicate. In vitro digestion was conducted for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h using the Daisy II incubator system. A total of 14 bags were put in each jar, each bag containing 0.5 g of microcapsules. Bag content was weighed to calculate the disappearance (wt/wt), and rumen fluid was sampled for Lim quantification. Data were subjected to ANOVA analysis considering as fixed effects the experimental formulation and the digestion time. The concentration of Lim was carried out using SPME/GC-MS. The F1 and F2 had a disappearance of over 50% after 6 h (P < 0.01), increasing to more than 80% and 70%, respectively, after 24 h (P < 0.01), whereas in F3, no significant disappearance (P > 0.05) was observed, ranging between 0.5% (6 h) and 1.3% (24 h). Lim content ranged from 1,472 µg/L at 6 h to 1,959 µg/L at 24 h (64.5% vs. 86%) for F1, from 1,021 µg/L at 6 h to 1,488 µg/L at 24 h (52% vs. 77%) for F2, and from 2 µg/L at 6 h to 9 µg/L at 24 h (0.2% vs. 0.7%) for F3. Two of the 3 formulations (F1 and F2) in which EPO was used, both in matrix and core-shell, showed low resistance in the rumen environment. In contrast, the use of Endraguard® in core-shell exhibited a very high resistance up to 24 h, laying the groundwork for future research on the microencapsulation of substances characterized by rumen bypass.
Preliminary study on some innovative rumen-bypass micro-encapsulation techniques for essential oils
A. Maggiolino;G. Natrella;N. Denora;A. Lopedota;
2024-01-01
Abstract
The aim of this trial was to provide novel technologies for the production of rumen by-pass essential oils to be released in the abomasum. For this purpose, 99.98% of pure limonene (Lim) was microencapsulated. Optimal feed was determined by exploring 4 oil-in-water emulsions with Lim oil and alginate. The most stable emulsion was combined with Eudragit EPO 30% (wt/wt) or Edraguard® 30% (wt/wt) to produce 3 experimental formulations (F). Process parameters were set with a single (F1: EPO, 657 µL Lim/g) and concentric (F2: EPO, 558 µL Lim/g; F3: Edraguard®, 327 µL Lim/g) nozzles for microcapsules. The encapsulation yields ranged from 50% to 75% among the 3 different F. Rumen fluid was sampled at the slaughterhouse from animals from the same farm. In vitro digestion (IVD) trial for each F was performed into quadruplicate. In vitro digestion was conducted for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h using the Daisy II incubator system. A total of 14 bags were put in each jar, each bag containing 0.5 g of microcapsules. Bag content was weighed to calculate the disappearance (wt/wt), and rumen fluid was sampled for Lim quantification. Data were subjected to ANOVA analysis considering as fixed effects the experimental formulation and the digestion time. The concentration of Lim was carried out using SPME/GC-MS. The F1 and F2 had a disappearance of over 50% after 6 h (P < 0.01), increasing to more than 80% and 70%, respectively, after 24 h (P < 0.01), whereas in F3, no significant disappearance (P > 0.05) was observed, ranging between 0.5% (6 h) and 1.3% (24 h). Lim content ranged from 1,472 µg/L at 6 h to 1,959 µg/L at 24 h (64.5% vs. 86%) for F1, from 1,021 µg/L at 6 h to 1,488 µg/L at 24 h (52% vs. 77%) for F2, and from 2 µg/L at 6 h to 9 µg/L at 24 h (0.2% vs. 0.7%) for F3. Two of the 3 formulations (F1 and F2) in which EPO was used, both in matrix and core-shell, showed low resistance in the rumen environment. In contrast, the use of Endraguard® in core-shell exhibited a very high resistance up to 24 h, laying the groundwork for future research on the microencapsulation of substances characterized by rumen bypass.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
